Naga-Kuki-Zo Conflict Opens New Manipur Fault Line

Gist Three years after the May 2023 ethnic conflagration, Manipur is witnessing the opening of a new fault line, this time between the Naga and Kuki-Zo communities in the state's hill districts. While the previous tensions between the valley-majority Meitei and the Kuki-Zo are showing tentative signs of a political thaw, this renewed tribal violence over territorial control and customary laws has triggered fresh displacements and blockades. Aspirants must understand this shifting multi-layered ethnic landscape, as it highlights the complex internal security challenges, the limitations of post-conflict relief administration, and the friction between statutory governance and historical tribal claims. Background Manipur experienced massive ethnic violence starting in May 2023 , primarily between the valley-dwelling Meitei community and the hill-dwelling Kuki-Zo tribes. Following the breakdown of law and order, the state was placed under President's Rule for nearly a year, which was lifted in February 2026 when a new government was formed under Chief Minister Yumnam Khemchand Singh . The hill districts of Manipur are inhabited by various tribal groups, primarily the Nagas and Kuki-Zos, who share a history of contestation…